INCLUSÃO ESCOLAR DAS CRIANÇA COM TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
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2025/03/17
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Universidade Estadual do Paraná
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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized as a neurological development disorder that can affect the triad of language, communication, and social interaction. Early diagnosis is of utmost importance for children with autism, from an early age, so that they can be included in kindergarten and have their specific needs met in the comprehensive education path. In light of the above, the guiding question of the research arises: What do scientific publications reveal about the school inclusion of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Early Childhood Education? The present research had as its general objective to investigate the contributions of the academic literature on the inclusion of children with ASD in Early Childhood Education, with a view to identifying challenges and opportunities for more inclusive educational policies and practices. In order to achieve the general objective proposed in this dissertation, the following specific objectives were listed: Contextualize Early Childhood Education, school inclusion, and autism spectrum disorder; to map and categorize the main theoretical and practical contributions of academic publications on the inclusion of children with ASD in Early Childhood Education, focusing on the most commonly used pedagogical approaches and teaching strategies; to identify gaps and opportunities for improvement in pedagogical practices aimed at the inclusion of children with ASD in Early Childhood Education, based on the analysis of contributions from academic literature. As a methodological substrate, the research is anchored in the systematic literature review using the BuscAd tool together with digital databases: Capes Journal Portal of Theses and Dissertations, Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (BDTD) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), carried out with a time frame from 2014 to 2024. The descriptors used were “Autism Spectrum Disorder”, “Early Childhood Education” and “School Inclusion”. This is a theoretical bibliographical study that seeks to offer a consolidated view of the studies already carried out on the inclusion of autistic children in the first stage of Basic Education: Early Childhood Education. The research conducted using the BuscAd tool resulted in the initial identification of 68 published scientific papers; after the automatic exclusion of eight duplicate records by the tool and three duplicate records removed in the authors' analysis, 57 records were selected. Based on the refinement and application of eligibility criteria, 17 more papers that did not present thematic alignment with the focus were excluded. Thus, the present research is composed of 40 scientific papers, 13 articles, 25 dissertations and two theses. The amount analyzed reveals an incipient number of studies on the subject, especially considering the territorial dimension of Brazil. The data highlight the need to expand specific research on ASD in Early Childhood Education. The scientific publications analyzed reaffirm the relevance of inclusive pedagogical practices as one of the main foundations of school inclusion of children with ASD.
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: Inclusão Escolar; Educação Infantil; Transtorno do Espectro Autista; TEA.